ABSTRACT
Poultry products have been recognized as major sources of human gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella spp. and several outbreaks have been reported where eggs were the source of human infection. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in the quail egg interior contents from retail stores of Semnan, Iran and to characterize the isolated Salmonella serovars via serotyping and Multiplex PCR techniques. 140 packages of quail eggs [each package containing 12 eggs] were collected from different batches during summer 2010 and tested for the presence of Salmonella through conventional culture and serotyping methods. From these samples, S. enteritidis was detected in the egg contents of one package [0.71%] out of 140 packages. This isolate was confirmed by Multiplex PCR generated amplification products for a random sequence that is specific for the genus salmonella and spv and sefA genes. According to our results, S. enteritidis is the most prevalent serotype of quail egg content contaminant in the Semnan area of Iran and the multiplex PCR method could be used as a reliable method of identifying Salmonella serovars
ABSTRACT
Detection of virulence factors harbored in Escherichia coli strains is important to determine a genotyping profile, and the pathotype of an Escherichia coli isolate. The objective of this study was to determine the pathotype of E. coli strains isolated from calves and poultry domesticated in Iran by using DNA microarray technology. In this study, 67 strains of isolated E. coli from calves and poultry [51 from calves and 16 from poultry respectively] were monitored for the presence of different virulence factors. The pathotype of each strain was made using DNA Microarray technology. The array used 109 probes for the common virulence genes of Escherichia coli and 154 probes for virulence genes that were specifically included pathotypes. Results showed that Escherichia coli strains from calves were 47% EHEC, 15.68% EPEC, 15.68% UPEC, 1.96% ETEC, 1.96% a combination of EPEC and UPEC, and 17.64% of strains non-specific to any of the pathotypes. In the samples from poultry, 62.5% of strains were pathotyped as APEC, 31.25% ExPEC, and 6.25% non-specific to any pathotype. This study revealed that DNA Microarray, as compared with other traditional molecular techniques, is a powerful tool for demonstration of the genotyping profile and pathotype of Escherichia coli strains